Cambodia Demographic and Health Survey in 2000
Cambodia, 2000
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Reference ID
KHM-NIS-CDHS-2000-v01
Producer(s)
National Institute of Statistics, Directorate General for Health
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Metadata
Created on
Sep 25, 2023
Last modified
Sep 25, 2023
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1076946
Identification
Survey ID Number
KHM-NIS-CDHS-2000-v01
Title
Cambodia Demographic and Health Survey in 2000
Country
| Name | Country code |
|---|---|
| Cambodia | KHM |
Study type
Demographic and Health Survey [hh/dhs]
Series Information
The 2000 Cambodia Demographic and Health Survey (2000 CDHS) is the third survey of its kind to be conducted successfully in Cambodia. Sponsors are the United States Agency for International Development (USAID), United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA), United Nations Children’s Fund (UNICEF), Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA), and the Health Sector Support Program-Second Phase (HSSP-2). Technical assistance is provided by ICF Macro. The Directorate General for Health (DGH) of the Ministry of Health and the National Institute of Statistics (NIS) of the Ministry of Planning are the project implementation agencies.
Abstract
The Cambodia Demographic and Health Survey in 2010 (CDHS 2010) is the third nationally representative survey conducted in Cambodia on population and health issues. It uses the same methodology as its predecessors, the 2000 and the 2005 Cambodia Demographic and Health Surveys, allowing policymakers to use these surveys to assess trends over time. The primary objective of the CDHS is to provide the Ministry of Health (MOH), Ministry of Planning (MOP), and other relevant institutions and users with updated and reliable data on infant and child mortality, fertility preferences, family planning behavior, maternal mortality, utilization of maternal and child health services, health expenditures, women’s status, and knowledge and behavior regarding HIV/AIDS and other sexually transmitted infections. This information contributes to policy decisions, planning, monitoring, and program evaluation for the development of Cambodia at both the national and local government levels.
Kind of Data
Sample survey data [ssd]
Unit of Analysis
Household, individual (including women and men between the ages of 15 and 49), and children aged 5 and below.
Version
Version Description
Version 1.0 - Edited data for internal use only.
Version Date
2023-09
Scope
Notes
CDHS 2000 covers 19 main areas of social concern:
1. Respondent and Housing
2. Acident and Injury
3. Fertility
4. Family Planning
5. Maternal Health
6. Child Health
7. Motatily
8. Nutrition
9. HIV
10. Women's Status
1. Respondent and Housing
2. Acident and Injury
3. Fertility
4. Family Planning
5. Maternal Health
6. Child Health
7. Motatily
8. Nutrition
9. HIV
10. Women's Status
Topics
| Topic | Vocabulary |
|---|---|
| Mental Health | World Bank |
| Nutrition | World Bank |
| HIV/AIDS | World Bank |
Coverage
Geographic Coverage
The sample was designed to provide estimates of the indicators at the national level, for urban and rural areas, and for 19 domains: 1.Banteay Mean Chey, 2.Kampong Cham, 3.Kampong Chhnang, 4.Kampong Speu, 5.Kampong Thom, 6.Kandal, 7.Phnom Penh, 8.Prey Veng, 9.Pursat, 10.Svay Rieng, 11.Takeo, 12.Kratie, 13.Siem Reap, 14.Otdar Mean Chey, 15. Battambang and Krong Pailin, 16. Kampot and Krong Kep, 17.Krong Preah Sihanouk and Kaoh Kong, 18.Preah Vihear and Steng Treng; and 19.Mondol Kiri and Rattanak Kiri.
Geographic Unit
Village level (by commune, district and province)
Universe
The survey covered the whole resident population (regular household) , with the exception of homeless in Cambodia
Producers and sponsors
Primary investigators
| Name | Affiliation |
|---|---|
| National Institute of Statistics | Ministry of Planning |
| Directorate General for Health | Ministry of Health |
Producers
| Name | Role |
|---|---|
| ICF Macro | Teachnical assitance |
Funding Agency/Sponsor
| Name | Abbreviation | Role |
|---|---|---|
| US Agency for International Development | USAID | Financial support |
| United Nations Population Fund | UNFPA | Financial support |
| United Nations Children's Fund | UNICEF | Financial support |
| United State Agency for International Development | USAID | Financial support |
| Health Sector Support Program-Second Phase | HSSP-2 | Financial support |
| Japan International Cooperation Agency | JICA | Financial support |
Other Identifications/Acknowledgments
| Name | Affiliation |
|---|---|
| EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE | MOP/ MOH |
| TECHNICAL COMMITTEE | NIS/ MOH |
Sampling
Sampling Procedure
The survey was based on a stratified sample selected in two stages. Stratification was achieved by separating every reporting domain into urban and rural areas. Thus, the 19 domains. Samples were selected independently in every stratum through a two-stage selection process. Implicit stratifications were achieved at each of the lower geographical or administrative levels by sorting the sampling frame according to geographical/administrative order and by using a probability proportional to size selection strategy at the first stage of selection. (Please refer to technical doccuments for details).
Response Rate
Response rate:
Households: 99 per cent
Women ages 15-49: 98 per cent
Men ages 15-49: 95 per cent
See Table 1. Results of the household and individual interviews in the CDHS 2010 Preliminary Report (Refer to technical documents)
Households: 99 per cent
Women ages 15-49: 98 per cent
Men ages 15-49: 95 per cent
See Table 1. Results of the household and individual interviews in the CDHS 2010 Preliminary Report (Refer to technical documents)
Weighting
Not available
Data Collection
Dates of Data Collection
| Start | End |
|---|---|
| 2000-01-02 | 2000-12-31 |
Data Collection Mode
Face-to-face [f2f]
Supervision
Supervision of Interviewers
The team supervisor was tasked to:
· Oversee the work of the team.
· Assign households to interviewers.
· Help interviewers locate households.
· Spot-check some of the addresses selected for interviewing to be sure that you interviewed the correct households and the correct women and men.
· Review all non-interviews.
· Observe some of your interviews to ensure that you are asking the questions in the right manner and recording the answers correctly.
· Handle funds and manage equipment.
· Supervise anthropometric measurement, anemia testing, and blood sample collection.
· Meet with you on a daily basis to discuss performance and give out future work assignments.
· Help you resolve any problems that you might have with finding the assigned households, understanding the questionnaire, or dealing with difficult respondents.
The field editor was tasked to:
· Oversee the work of the team.
· Assign households to interviewers.
· Help interviewers locate households.
· Review all non-interviews.
· Review all questionnaires before the team leaves the cluster.
· Review completed questionnaires with interviewers and observe interviews.
Full details of the responsibilities of the Supervisors and Field Editors are discussed in the Interviewer's Manual.
The team supervisor was tasked to:
· Oversee the work of the team.
· Assign households to interviewers.
· Help interviewers locate households.
· Spot-check some of the addresses selected for interviewing to be sure that you interviewed the correct households and the correct women and men.
· Review all non-interviews.
· Observe some of your interviews to ensure that you are asking the questions in the right manner and recording the answers correctly.
· Handle funds and manage equipment.
· Supervise anthropometric measurement, anemia testing, and blood sample collection.
· Meet with you on a daily basis to discuss performance and give out future work assignments.
· Help you resolve any problems that you might have with finding the assigned households, understanding the questionnaire, or dealing with difficult respondents.
The field editor was tasked to:
· Oversee the work of the team.
· Assign households to interviewers.
· Help interviewers locate households.
· Review all non-interviews.
· Review all questionnaires before the team leaves the cluster.
· Review completed questionnaires with interviewers and observe interviews.
Full details of the responsibilities of the Supervisors and Field Editors are discussed in the Interviewer's Manual.
Data Collection Notes
Training were conducted to form 19 field teams to be responsible for data collection in one of the 19 survey domains (comprised of the 24 provinces). Field teams were each composed of 6 people: team leader, field editor, three female interviewers, and one male interviewer.
The field teams were subjected to 6 weeks of training which included:
- 1 week on the Household Questionnaire
- 2 weeks on 13 sections of the Woman Questionnaire, review of the Household Questionnaire, including the selection of women for the Household Relations Module, Consent Statements for blood collection, and conversion of ages and dates of birth between the Khmer and Gregorian calendar
- 1 week on the Man Questionnaire, measuring height and weight of women and children, sample implementation and household selection, collection of Geographic Positioning System data, testing of household salt for iodine, organization of documents and materials for return to the head office
- 1 week on collection of blood samples (all interviewers wer designated to collect blood samples in the field)
- 1 week of full field practice
A total of 122 field personnel attended the 6 weeks training. The first 3 weeks were also attended by data entry staff.
The progression of fieldwork by geographic location had to take into account weather conditions during rainy season. A fieldwork supervision plan was created for the six CDHS survey coordinators from NIS and NIPH and ORC Macro to conduct regular field supervision visits. Supervision visits were conducted throughout the six months of data collection and included the retrieval of questionnaires and blood samples from the field. In addition, a quality control program was run by the data processing team to detect key data collections errors for each team. Based on these data checks, regular feedback was given to each team based on their specific performance.
The field teams were subjected to 6 weeks of training which included:
- 1 week on the Household Questionnaire
- 2 weeks on 13 sections of the Woman Questionnaire, review of the Household Questionnaire, including the selection of women for the Household Relations Module, Consent Statements for blood collection, and conversion of ages and dates of birth between the Khmer and Gregorian calendar
- 1 week on the Man Questionnaire, measuring height and weight of women and children, sample implementation and household selection, collection of Geographic Positioning System data, testing of household salt for iodine, organization of documents and materials for return to the head office
- 1 week on collection of blood samples (all interviewers wer designated to collect blood samples in the field)
- 1 week of full field practice
A total of 122 field personnel attended the 6 weeks training. The first 3 weeks were also attended by data entry staff.
The progression of fieldwork by geographic location had to take into account weather conditions during rainy season. A fieldwork supervision plan was created for the six CDHS survey coordinators from NIS and NIPH and ORC Macro to conduct regular field supervision visits. Supervision visits were conducted throughout the six months of data collection and included the retrieval of questionnaires and blood samples from the field. In addition, a quality control program was run by the data processing team to detect key data collections errors for each team. Based on these data checks, regular feedback was given to each team based on their specific performance.
Data Collectors
| Name | Abbreviation | Affiliation |
|---|---|---|
| National Institute of Statistics | NIS | Ministry of Planning |
| Directorate General for Health | DGH | Ministry of Health |
Questionnaires
Questionnaires
There are three types of questionnaires used in the CDHS: the Household Questionnaire, the Individual Woman's Questionnaire, and the Individual Man's Questionnaire.
The households that have been scientifically selected to be included in the CDHS sample were visited and interviewed using a Household Questionnaire. The Household Questionnaire consisted of a cover sheet to identify the household and a form on which all members of the household and visitors were listed. Data collected about each household member were name, sex, age, education, and survival of parents for children under age 18 years, etc. The Household Questionnaire was used to collect information on housing characteristics such as type of water, sanitation facilities, quality of flooring, and ownership of durable goods.
The Household Questionnaire permitted the interviewer to identify women and men who were eligible for the Individual Questionnaire. Women ages 15-49 years in every selected household who are members of the household (those that usually live in the household) and visitors (those who do not usually live in the household but who slept there the previous night) were eligible to be interviewed with the individual Woman's Questionnaire.
After all of the eligible women in a household have been identified, female interviewers used the Woman's Questionnaire to interview the women. The Woman's Questionnaire collected information on the following topics:
· socio-demographic characteristics
· reproduction
· birth spacing
· maternal health care and breastfeeding
· immunization and health of children
· cause of death of children
· marriage and sexual activity
· fertility preferences
· characteristics of the husband and employment activity of the woman
· HIV
· maternal mortality
· women's status
· household relations
In one-half of the households, men were identified as eligible for individual interview, and the male interviewer of each team used the Man's Questionnaire to interview the eligible men. Team leaders informed their teams which households in the sample have been selected for including interviews with men. The Man's Questionnaire collected information on the following topics:
· socio-demographic characteristics
· reproduction
· birth spacing
· marriage and sexual activity
· HIV
Biomarker data collection were conducted in the same one-half of the households which were selected to include men for interview. The biomarker data collection included: measuring the height and weight of women and children (under age 6 years), anemia testing of women and children, and drawing blood samples from women and men for laboratory testing of HIV. Biomarker data collection were recorded in the Household Questionnaire.
The households that have been scientifically selected to be included in the CDHS sample were visited and interviewed using a Household Questionnaire. The Household Questionnaire consisted of a cover sheet to identify the household and a form on which all members of the household and visitors were listed. Data collected about each household member were name, sex, age, education, and survival of parents for children under age 18 years, etc. The Household Questionnaire was used to collect information on housing characteristics such as type of water, sanitation facilities, quality of flooring, and ownership of durable goods.
The Household Questionnaire permitted the interviewer to identify women and men who were eligible for the Individual Questionnaire. Women ages 15-49 years in every selected household who are members of the household (those that usually live in the household) and visitors (those who do not usually live in the household but who slept there the previous night) were eligible to be interviewed with the individual Woman's Questionnaire.
After all of the eligible women in a household have been identified, female interviewers used the Woman's Questionnaire to interview the women. The Woman's Questionnaire collected information on the following topics:
· socio-demographic characteristics
· reproduction
· birth spacing
· maternal health care and breastfeeding
· immunization and health of children
· cause of death of children
· marriage and sexual activity
· fertility preferences
· characteristics of the husband and employment activity of the woman
· HIV
· maternal mortality
· women's status
· household relations
In one-half of the households, men were identified as eligible for individual interview, and the male interviewer of each team used the Man's Questionnaire to interview the eligible men. Team leaders informed their teams which households in the sample have been selected for including interviews with men. The Man's Questionnaire collected information on the following topics:
· socio-demographic characteristics
· reproduction
· birth spacing
· marriage and sexual activity
· HIV
Biomarker data collection were conducted in the same one-half of the households which were selected to include men for interview. The biomarker data collection included: measuring the height and weight of women and children (under age 6 years), anemia testing of women and children, and drawing blood samples from women and men for laboratory testing of HIV. Biomarker data collection were recorded in the Household Questionnaire.
Data Processing
Data Editing
Data editing was done in the following data processing stages:
a. Office editing and coding - minimal since CSPro has been designed to be an intelligent data entry program
b. Data entry
c. Completeness of data file
d. Verification of Data - prior to this stage, data are again entered and tagged as V to indicate that the dataset is a verification data
e. Secondary editing
a. Office editing and coding - minimal since CSPro has been designed to be an intelligent data entry program
b. Data entry
c. Completeness of data file
d. Verification of Data - prior to this stage, data are again entered and tagged as V to indicate that the dataset is a verification data
e. Secondary editing
Data Appraisal
Estimates of Sampling Error
The computer software used to calculate sampling errors for the 2010 CDHS is a Macro SAS procedure. This procedure used the Taylor linearization method for variance estimation for survey estimates that are means or proportions. The Jackknife repeated replication method is used for variance estimation of more complex statistics such as fertility and mortality rates. ISSA also computes ISSA computes the design effect (DEFT) for each estimate.
Sampling errors for the 2010 CDHS are calculated for selected variables considered to be of primary interest for woman’s survey and for man’s surveys, respectively for the country as a whole, for urban and rural areas, and for each of the 19 study domains.
Sampling errors for the 2010 CDHS are calculated for selected variables considered to be of primary interest for woman’s survey and for man’s surveys, respectively for the country as a whole, for urban and rural areas, and for each of the 19 study domains.
Access policy
Contacts
| Name | Affiliation | URL | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Director, Demographic Statistics Census and Survey Department | National Institute of Statistics | census@camnet.com.kh | www.nis.gov.kh |
| Data User Service Center | National Institute of Statistics | dusc@nis.gov.kh | www.nis.gov.kh |
| Directorate General for Health | Ministry of Health | webmaster@moh.gov.kh | www.moh.gov.kh |
| Director ICT Department | National Institute of Statistics | saintlundy@yahoo.com | www.nis.gov.kh |
| ICF Macro | ICF Macro | reports@orcmacro.com | www.measuredhs.com |
Confidentiality
Data not yet anonymized and is unavailable for public use.
Access conditions
Datasets are made available with the following conditions:
Before the release of the final report :
* Survey data files are distributed by MEASURE DHS for academic research/statistical analysis. Researchers need to provide a description of any research/analysis that will be using the data, before access is granted to the datasets.
* Once downloaded, the datasets must not be passed on to other researchers without the written consent of MEASURE DHS.
* All reports and publications based on the requested data must be sent to the MEASURE DHS Data Archive as a Portable Format Document (pdf) or a hard copy, for us to forward to the country(ies) whose data have been used.
Upon release of the final report, the acces conditions will be set by NIS, MOH and MEASURE DHS, jointly.
Before the release of the final report :
* Survey data files are distributed by MEASURE DHS for academic research/statistical analysis. Researchers need to provide a description of any research/analysis that will be using the data, before access is granted to the datasets.
* Once downloaded, the datasets must not be passed on to other researchers without the written consent of MEASURE DHS.
* All reports and publications based on the requested data must be sent to the MEASURE DHS Data Archive as a Portable Format Document (pdf) or a hard copy, for us to forward to the country(ies) whose data have been used.
Upon release of the final report, the acces conditions will be set by NIS, MOH and MEASURE DHS, jointly.
Citation requirements
National Institute of Statistics [Cambodia], Directorate General for Health [Cambodia], and ICF Macro, 2011, Cambodia Demographic and Health Survey 2010.
Access authority
| Name | Affiliation | URL | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Director General | National Institute of Statistics | sythan@forum.ore.kh | www.nis.gov.kh |
| Directorate General for Health | Ministry of Health | webmaster@moh.gov.kh | www.moh.gov.kh |
| Measure DHS | ICF Macro | www.measuredhs.com |
Disclaimer and copyrights
Disclaimer
The user of the data acknowledges that the National Institute of Statistics, Cambodia bears no responsibility for use of the data or for interpretations or inferences based upon such uses.
Copyright
(c) 2023, National Institute of Statistics [Cambodia], Directorate General for Health [Cambodia], and ICF Macro [USA]
Metadata production
DDI Document ID
DDI-KHM-NIS-CDHS2000-V1.0
Producers
| Name | Abbreviation | Affiliation | Role |
|---|---|---|---|
| Saint Lundy | SL | NIS | Archivist |
| Chao Pheav | CP | NIS | Archivist |
Date of Metadata Production
2023-06-05
DDI Document version
Version 1.0 (Juner 05, 2023) The first doccumentation of the survey.